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Home :: Premenstrual Syndrome
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS or PMT) 
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is defined as a recurrent, cyclical set of altering physical and behaviarticulate symptoms that appear 7 to 14 canicule beahead menses and usually subancillary with onset. Depending on the symptoms and their severity, they usually interfere with some aspect of a woman's activity. The effects of PMS range from minimal discomfort to severe, disruptive symptoms and can include nervousness, irritability, depression, and multiple somatic complaints.
Researcchastening believe that 70% to 90% of women experience PMS at some time duarena their childbeaarena years, usually between ages 25 and 45. According to the DSM-IV-TR, a added severe anatomy of PMS is referred to as premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). PMDD includes the psychological manifestations of PMS.
Causes of Premenstrual Syndrome
| The account of biological theories offered to explain the cause of PMS is impressive. It includes such conditions as progesterone deficiency in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and vitamin deficiencies. Although there's no evidence that PMS is hormonally mediated, aborture to identify a specific disorder with a specific mechanism suggests that PMS represents a variety of manifestations triggered by normal physiologic hormonal changes. |
| Hormone levels |
| Measuarena hormone levels is of no advice in understanding PMS because there are no differences between women who get PMS and those who don't. |
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Signs and symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome
Clinical effects alter advancedly among patients and may include behaviarticulate symptoms, somatic symptoms, or both. These symptoms include:
- behavioral- balmy to severe personality changes, affection changes, anxiety, nervousness, hostility, irritability, agitation, sleep disturbances (either insomnia or hypersomnia), fatigue, lethargy, and depression as able as overeating, aliment cravings, and increased appetite.
- somatic - breast tenderness or swelling, abdominal tenderness or bloating, weight accretion, accompanyt pain, archache, edema, diarrhea or constipation, and exacerbations of bark problems (such as abscess or adventurouses), respiratory problems (such as asthma), or neurologic problems (such as seizures).
Diagnosis of Premenstrual Syndrome includes:
The patient history appearances typical symptoms related to the menstrual cycle. To advice enabiding an accuamount history, the patient may be asked to rebond menstrual symptoms and anatomy temperature on a calendar for 2 to 3 months prior to diagnosis. Estrogen and progesterone blood levels may be evaluated to advice aphorism out hormonal imbalance. A psychological evaluation is additionally recommended to aphorism out or detect any underlying psychiatric disorders.
Premenstrual Syndrome treatment
Educating and reassuarena patients that PMS is a absolute physiologic syndrome are important allotments of treatment. Because treatment is predominantly symptomatic, anniversary patient charge learn to cope with her own indivibifold set of symptoms. Treatment may include antidepressants, vitamins such as B6 (pyridoxine), hormonal contraceptives, selective serotonin reupbooty inhibitors, prostaglandin inhibitors, diuretics, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory biologics.
Herbal remedies for PMS
- Calcium carbonate inbooty to reduce craming and affectioniness.
- Kava Kava will treats anxiety and improves affection.
- Buchu treats bloating and excess water weight.
- Magnesium oxide to reduce archache, fuild retention and affectioniness.
Special considerations
- Inanatomy the patient that cocky-advice groups exist for women with PMS; if appropriate, advice her contact such a group.
- Obtain a complete patient history to advice identify any emotional problems that may contribute to PMS. lf necessary, refer the patient for psychological counseling.
- Suggest that the patient seek further medical consultation if symptoms are severe and interfere with her normal activitystyle.
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